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1.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Clín. Méd ; 20(2): 108-112, 2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1428751

ABSTRACT

A Síndrome de DRESS (do inglês, Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms) é uma patologia rara que consiste em uma severa reação medicamentosa mediada por células T. O presente relato de caso retrata uma paciente do sexo feminino, 59 anos, que apresentou icterícia, febre não termometrada, acolia, colúria, mialgia, placas hipercrômicas e lesões pruriginosas. Referiu uso recente de alopurinol, paracetamol e nimesulida, apresentando melhora importante e espontânea após a suspensão das medicações. A extensão do tempo de exposição ao medicamento agressor ocasiona um maior período de internação e risco de mortalidade. Além disso, os dados restritos sobre a Síndrome de DRESS impõe desafios ao seu diagnóstico. Sendo assim, este estudo busca destacar a importância do diagnóstico clínico precoce, a suspensão do medicamento agressor e a instituição da terapêutica adequada para um prognóstico favorável


The Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) Syndrome is a rare pathology that consists of a severe drug reaction mediated by T cells. The present case report depicts a female patient, 59 years old, who presented jaundice, non thermometered fever, acholia, choluria, myalgia, hyperchromic plaques and pruritic lesions. She mentioned recent use of allopurinol, paracetamol and nimesulide, showing significant and spontaneous improvement after discontinuation of medications. The extension of time of exposure to the offending drug causes a longer period of hospitalization and risk of mortality. In addition, the restricted data on DRESS Syndrome poses challenges to its diagnosis. Therefore, this study seeks to highlight the importance of early clinical diagnosis, suspension of the offending drug and the institution of appropriate therapy for a favorable prognosis


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Skin Diseases/chemically induced , Allopurinol/adverse effects , Gout Suppressants/adverse effects , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/diagnosis , Liver Failure, Acute/chemically induced , Eosinophilia/blood , Exanthema/chemically induced , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/blood , Leukocytosis/blood
2.
Arch. pediatr. Urug ; 87(1): 38-43, mar. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-780105

ABSTRACT

Las toxicodermias son dermatosis inducidas por medicamentos. Representan las principales reacciones adversas a medicamentos. El síndrome de hipersensibilidad severa a anticonvulsivantes o síndrome de DRESS ('Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms') es una toxicodermia de baja incidencia, idiosincrática y potencialmente fatal. Los anticonvulsivantes son la causa más frecuente. En esta comunicación se describen las manifestaciones clínicas, paraclínicas y dificultades diagnósticas de tres casos clínicos. Su diagnóstico oportuno requiere alto grado de sospecha, conocer sus manifestaciones y los posibles diagnósticos diferenciales. La mortalidad está fundamentalmente vinculada a la presencia de falla hepatocítica aguda. La suspensión del medicamento implicado es el tratamiento fundamental. Se destaca la importancia de evaluar la relacion beneficio-riesgo a la hora de prescrbir un medicamento e incorporar la farmacovigilancia a la práctica clínica.


Toxicodermas are drug-induced dermatoses. They represent the most frequent adverse reactions to drug products. The Anticonvulsant severe hypersensitivity syndrome, or DRESS syndrome ('Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms') is a rare, idiosyncratic, and potentially fatal toxicoderma. Anticonvulsants are its most frequent cause. In this communication, the clinical and paraclinical manifestations, as well as the diagnostic difficulties of three clinical cases are described. Its timely diagnosis requires a high degree of suspicion, the knowledge of its manifestations, and the possible differential diagnoses. Mortality is directly related with the presence of acute hepatocytic failure. Discontinuation of the drug product involved is fundamental. The importance of evaluating the benefit-risk ratio when prescribing a drug product, and of incorporating pharmacovigilance into clinical practice is highlighted.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/diagnosis , Anticonvulsants/adverse effects , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/urine , Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome/blood
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